Beowulf Questions Essay

1. Realize that this prologue introduces the Danes, not Beowulf or his people the Geats. What was unusual about the way Shield came to be ruler of the Danes? What was his funeral like? What relation is Hrothgar to Shield? Unlike Hrothgar, Shield became king because he had the ability to take down the enemies. Hrothgar became king through wealth. When Shield died the Danes buried him and his treasures in the sea. Hrothgar happens to be Shield’s grandson [Heorot is Attacked] (lines 86-188, pp. 34-36) 1. Grendel, the monster, attached thirty warriors while they were asleep and ran home with their bodies for a couple of nights. This devastated the Danes and the sorrow soon spread overseas. What magnificent work did Hrothgar undertake? Who attacked it, and with what result? How long did the attacks last? What was the response of the Danes? [The Hero Comes to Heorot] (Lines 189-490, pp. 36-42) 1. What does Beowulf do when he hears of Hrothgar’s problems with Grendel? When Beowulf hears of Hrothgar’s problems with Grendel, he immediately rounded up a boat and his bravest men to go were there help was needed. (Denmark) 2. Whom do the Geats first meet when they arrive in Denmark? What does he do, and what do they do? When the Geats first arrive in Denmark, the meet Hrothgar’s lieutenant who was patrolling along the cliffs. He questioned the Geats to figure out why they were there and warned them no one passes without permission or a password/sign. They then replied they were there to save the Danes from the monster. 3. They next meet Hrothgar’s herald. Who is he? What does he tell them? What does he tell Hrothgar? What does Hrothgar respond? Are you surprised that Hrothgar knows Beowulf so well? Hrothgar’s herald interrogates the Geats about where they’ve come from and what they’re doing. He’s impressed by their mighty appearance. Hrothgar is thrilled the men are there to help which is strange because he doesn’t know them to well yet is letting them on the land. 4. What does Beowulf tell Hrothgar when he enters? What did Hrothgar do for Beowulf’s father? Beowulf tells Hrothgar that his men follow Higlac. (King of Geats) Hrothgar knew Beowulf’s father because he was a famous soldier known as a leader of men. [Feast at Heorot] (Lines 491-661, pp. 42-46) 1. What does Unferth accuse Beowulf of? How does Beowulf answer him? How is this episode relevant to the poem as a whole? What does Beowulf accuse Unferth of? Unferth accuses Beowulf of losing a swimming match and will once again have to have defeat with Grendel. Beowulf retaliates by accusing Unferth of drunkenness and describes what happen in the swimming match. This is relevant because Unferth may indeed be correct; Beowulf would have met defeat again if it wasn’t for Wiglaf. 2. What is Queen Wealhtheow doing during the feasting? At the feast she offers drinks to all the men present. She distributes food and drink, and also strives for goodwill and peace. [The Fight with Grendel] (Lines 662-835, pp. 46-49) 1. Heroic poetry normally has a scene in which the hero arms for battle. What is different about Beowulf’s preparations for his fight with Grendel? Beowulf prepares for battle differently than any other heroic poetry scene. He doesn’t do much preparing. He is more anxious to get rid of the monster. He was prepared however to fight without a sword. 2. What happens when Grendel enters Heorot? How does Beowulf fight with him? What happens when Grendel tries to leave? Does Grendel escape? What does he leave behind? When Grendel enters Heorot, he became furious searching for the warriors until he found them and kills one Geat. While fighting the monster, Beowulf uses his bare hands. Grendel does escape, however; he somehow managed to leave behind his arm. [Celebration at Heorot] (Lines 836-1250, pp. 49-60) 1.When the Danes and Geats return from following Grendel’s tracks to the mere, someone sings in Beowulf’s presence, comparing him to Sigemund and saying that he was not like Heremod (lines 883-914). How is Beowulf like Sigemund? How is he not like Heremod? (Be alert for inserted stories such as this one. Beowulf contains many of them, most much more complex that this one.) 2. How does Hrothgar respond to Beowulf’s deed? What does he offer to do for him? What does Unferth have to say now? 3. The singer sings of Finn during the feasting (lines 1070-1158). The exact details of the Finn story are not clear, but in general, what happens? What does it suggest about the wisdom of using a woman as bride to heal enmity between tribes? 4. When the feasting resumes, what does Wealhtheow ask Hrothgar not to do? 5. Wealhtheow gives Beowulf a large, broad necklace. What later happens to it? What does Wealhtheow ask Beowulf to do? 6. Why do so many men remain in the beer hall to sleep? Why is it a mistake? BEOWULF AND GRENDEL’S MOTHER (lines 1251-2199, pp. 60-79) [Another Attack] (lines 1251-1382, pp. 60-62) 1.Why has Grendel’s mother come to Heorot? Is it the same reason Grendel had? Grendel’s mother comes to Heorot to seek revenge and take her sons claw back. 2. What is Hrothgar’s response? Whom has Grendel’s mother killed? Hrothgar was thankful that the Danes grief ended and the arm hanging was proof of victory. He hoped that Beowulf can stop Grendel’s mother from destructing his town again. Grendel’s mother killed Hrothgar’s closest friend 3.What sort of place is the mere? The mere is was under the water. It was full of mud, water, and dark. [Beowulf Fights Grendel’s Mother] (Lines 1383-1650, pp. 63-68) 1. How does Beowulf tell Hrothgar to respond? Beowulf agrees to fight again for the Danes. He feels it is an honor and the last battle made him a bit more confident to do it. 2. What happens at the mere before Beowulf enters it? Before Beowulf enters the mere, he sinks for hours going down in the water. 3. How does Beowulf prepare for the battle? What sword does he take with him? Beowulf prepared for battle by telling Hrothgar what his wishes are if he may die. Beowulf took his ring-marked blade. 4. What happens when Beowulf enters the mere? What is surprising about where Grendel and his mother live in the mere? When he finally lands, Grendel’s mother grabs him, but his armor protects him. To me its not surprising that the monsters live in a dark place, however; it is surprising that it takes half a day to get down there. 5. What happens to the sword Beowulf borrowed from Unferth? Beowulf strikes at Grendel’s mother with the borrowed sword, Hrunting, but the blade has no effect and breaks 6. At one point Beowulf is on the floor, with Grendel’s mother sitting on him and drawing her knife. How does Beowulf escape? Beowulf escapes Grendel’s mother by having the strength and faith to defeat her and using his strength to get off the ground. 7. How does Beowulf kill Grendel’s mother? What weapon does he use? What happens when she dies? What does Beowulf take with him from her home? What happens to the sword he used to kill her? Beowulf drew a sword he seen hanging on her wall to cut right through her neck and break all her bones. After her death the light shone very bright. Beowulf beheaded Grendel and took it with him and half of what was left of the sword. (The other half was in Grendel’s mother) 8. What happens when Beowulf returns to the surface? Did his men expect him to return? When Beowulf returns from the surface nobody is there. They all had suspected that Grendel’s mother had killed him. [Further Celebration at Heorot] (Lines 1651-1798, pp. 68-71) 1. What does Beowulf give to Hrothgar? 2. What message does Hrothgar have for Beowulf? What and why does he tell us about Heremod? Why and how did Heremod die? What lesson does Hrothgar teach with the Heremod example? 3. What does Beowulf give to Unferth as he leaves? [Beowulf Returns Home] (Lines 1799-2199, pp. 71-79) 1. What future does Hrothgar predict for Beowulf? 2. Who is Hygd and why is she not like Modthryth? 3. Beowulf reports to Hygelac that Hrothgar may marry his daughter Freawaru to Ingeld. Why does he plan to do that? What does Beowulf expect the result will be? (Remember the Finn story, lines 1070-1158.) How does Beowulf think the peace will be broken? Is this the type of report we expected from the hero Beowulf, or are we seeing a new side of him? 4. How does Beowulf report about his own adventures? Does he report accurately? 5. What does Beowulf do with the treasure he was given? What does Hygelac give him? BEOWULF AND THE DRAGON (lines 2200-3182, pp. 79-99) [The Dragon Wakes] (lines 2200-2509, pp. 79-86) 1.How much later does Part 2 take place? What kings have died in the meanwhile? What danger now exists? 2. Why is the dragon angry? Why did the man take a cup? How did the treasure come to be there in the first place? (The speech of the lone survivor, the one who put the gold in the barrow, is in a typically Old English elegiac tone. 3. What did the dragon destroy that evening? 4. Why does Beowulf think his home was burnt? Why does he order a new shield? How will he fight this battle? What will happen to him? 5. How did Hygelac die? (The description in lines 2354-2379 begins one of several versions of Geatish history and Hygelac’s death we will get.) What did Beowulf do after Hygelac’s death? What happened when he returned home? Did he accept Hygd’s offer to become king? 6. What happened to Hygelac’s son Heardred? (That’s the story in lines 2380-2390.) How did Beowulf plan to revenge Heardred’s death (lines 2391-2396)? 7. How many men accompany Beowulf as he goes to meet the dragon? Fourteen of Beowulf’s bravest men accompany him to fight the dragon. 8. What happened to Hygelac’s oldest brother Herebeald? Who killed him? What did this do to his father King Hrethel? (This passage, lines 2425-2509, is the second account of Geatish history and of the death of Hygelac.) What happened between the Swedes and Geats after Hrethel’s death? What happened to Haethcyn? How die Beowulf revenge Hygelac’s death? [Beowulf Attacks the Dragon] (Lines 2510-2820, pp. 86-92) 1. What does Beowulf tell his companions to do? Beowulf tells his companions to stay on top of the barrow in safety, observing the fight rather than participating in it. 2. What happens the first time Beowulf and the dragon fight? What do his companions do? How is Wiglaf different? What does he tell the others? What does he then do? The first time Beowulf fights the dragon his â€Å"brave† companions flee the scene. With the exception of Wiglaf. He reminded the men they should have all repaid Beowulf then ran off to go help kill the dragon 3. What happens the second time Beowulf meets the dragon? What happens to Beowulf? Who kills the dragon? Beowulf’s sword fails and makes him humiliated/ afraid for his life. The dragon hits Beowulf with another blast of fire. Beowulf took the final swing but both men, Beowulf and Wiglaf, killed the dragon. 4. What does the dying Beowulf ask Wiglaf to do? What happens when Beowulf sees the gold? How does Beowulf want to be buried? Beowulf asks Wiglaf to get him the treasure so he may see it. Then Beowulf thanks God for getting rid of the dragon. He asks to be burned at the coastal headland and it be known as Beowulf’s Barrow. [Beowulf’s Funeral] (Lines 2821-3182, pp. 92-99) 1. What happens when the companions return? What does Wiglaf say to him? What does he expect will happen in the future? Wiglaf tells them that they will now lead a shameful life, t would be better if they had died. 2. What does the messenger tell the city? (This passage, lines 2900-3027, is the third account of the history of the Geats and the death of Hygelac. These are the enemies that will attack the Geats when they learn of Beowulf’s death.) What happened overnight in Ravenswood after Ongentheow killed Haethcyn? What happened the next morning? What happened to Ongentheow? What does the messenger say to do with the gold? What is the final image (animal) of the messenger’s speech? 3. What does Wiglaf tell the crowd that comes to see the dragon and Beowulf? 4. What happens to the dragon? 5. What happens during and after the funeral celebration? 6. What did the Geats say about Beowulf in the last three lines of the poem? Are these the terms one would expect to be used t o describe a military hero?

Western Heritage 8th Edition

Brittney Henley Pd. 2A Chapter 12: Age of Religious Wars Key Topics; -War between Calvinists and Catholics in France. -The Spanish occupation of the Netherlands. -Struggle for supremacy between England and Spain. -The devastation of Central Europe during the Thirty Years’ War. Vocabulary |Notes | | | | |Counter Reformation- A movement within the Rome |Renewed Religious Struggle | |Catholic Church that sought to revitalize the |Peace of Augsburg (1555)- A regions rule would determine its religion, However it | |church and oppose Protestantism. did not recognize Non Lutheran Protestants | | |Geneva became a refuge for persecuted protestants and an international school for | |Baroque Art- 3 dimensional display of life and |protestant leaders | |energy. | | | | |Politiques- Ruler who urged tolerance and |French Wars of Religion | |moderation and compromise on religious matters |Anti-Protestant Measures and the struggle for political power | | |French Protestants are known as Hu guenots. | |They were persecuted by the French, when King Charles of Germany / Spain captured | |Huguenots- French Protestants. |Frances King’. To pacify King Charles, France persecutes the Huguenots in the | | |hopes of gaining the freedom of the King of France. | | | | |Edict of Fontainebleau—Subjected French Protestants to the inquisition | | |France remain hostile to the protestants until King Henry of Navarre gains the | | |throne | | | | | |3 competing fraction for the Kings (Francis II) ear in France | | |Bourbons- power in the south and west | | |Montmorency-Chatillons- controlled the center of France | | |Guises- dominate in eastern France / Strongest power and had more influence over | | |the king due to family connection | | |Bourbons and Montmorency-Chatillons developed strong Huguenot sympathies | | | | | |Conspiracy of Amboise (1560) – Bourbons and Montmorency-Chatillons plotted to | | |kidnap the king of France (Frances II) | | | | | |Appeal of Calvinism | | |Huguenots were in important geographic areas and were heavily represented among | | |the more powerful segments of French society. They wanted to establish sovereignty| | |with in France. | | | | | |Catherine De Medici and the Guises | | |Catherine mother to 15 year old Frances II becomes the regent of France upon the | | |death of her husband Henry II. | |On the death of Frances II her younger son Charles IX becomes king where she | | |resides as regent. Catherine fears the power of the Guiles family and sought | | |alliances with the Protestants. | | |She issues the January Edict which allows protestants freedom to worship publicly | | |outside of towns. | | |Duke of Guise surprised a protestant congregation at Vassy, Champagne and | | |massacred the worshipers.This is the beginning of the French wars of Religion | | |March 1562 | | | | | | | | |Peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1570) | | |Ended the thirty year war, the crown acknowledging the power of the Protest ant | | |nobility, granted Huguenots religious freedoms within their territory. | | |Catherine fearing the mounting power of the other two families and Protestants she| |Coligny: leader of the Huguenots, Charles IX most|cultivates the support of the Guise. | |trusted advisor. | | | |The Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre | | |Catherine tried to have Coligny assassinated by a bullet.Fearing the fallout from| | |the attempt, she convinces King Charles that the Huguenots were attempting to | | |attack Paris | | |On Saint Bartholomew’s Day August 24, 1572, Coligny and 3000 Huguenots were | | |massacred in Paris. Within 3days another 20,000 were executed | | | | | |The Rise to Power of Henry Navarre | | |Henry III sought the middle ground and gained support from a growing body of | |Protestant Resistance Theory: |neutral Catholics and Huguenots. | | | |John Knox- wrote First Blast of the Trumpet |Peace of Beaulieu (May 1576)- granted the Huguenots almost complete religio us and | |against the Terrible Regiment of Women |civil freedom. It was later recanted because of political pressure of the Catholic| |-He declared removal of a heathen tyrant was |League. Both religious orders pick up arms. | |permissible | | | |Henry Navarre led the Protestant army. Henry III brother-in-law) | |Francois Hotman- wrote Franco-Gallia | | |-Humanist argument that representative Estate |Day of the Barricades –Henry III surprise attack on the Catholic League (Spain | |General held more authority then the French king |Supported) and failed. Henry then assassinated the Duke and Cardinal of Guise. | | |Reprisal from the League was fierce causing Henry III to join forces with Henry | |Theodore Beza- wrote On the Right of Magistrates |Navarre. Henry III was killed; Henry IV (Navarre) is the next successor to the | |Over their Subjects |throne. |-Permissible for lower authorities to overthrow | | |tyrannical rulers |Protestant as king, the League wants France to be Catholic but politically weak so| | |Spain sends in troops to help achieve this goal in hopes of putting his daughter | |Philippe du Plessis Mornay- Defense of Liberty |on the throne. | |Against Tyrants |The French rallied behind their king disbanding the League and outing the Spanish. | |-Princes, Nobles and magistrates are guardians |Henry IV turns Catholic.Ending the war of religion in France | |and to take up arms against tyranny in other land| | | | | | | | | |Edict of Nantes | | |Proclaimed a formal religious settlement it recognized minor religions in an | | |official Catholic country | | | | | |Treaty of Vervins -ended hostility between France and Spain | | | | | |Imperial Spain and the Reign of Philip II | | |Gold Silver and bullion were being imported from Spain’s colonies in the New | | |World. | | |The increased wealth and population in large cities in Europe triggered inflation. | | | | | |Fewer jobs, less food, wages stagnated and greater coinage in circul ation while | | |prices increased. | | | | |The Revolt in the Netherlands- | | |Antoine Perrenot- Cardinal Granvelle. | | |Perrenot hoped to break the local autonomy of the Netherlands providences and | | |establish a centralized royal government directed from Madrid, and religious | | |conformity to Catholic. | | |Granvelle proceeded to reorganize the Netherlands. | |William of Nassau (Prince of Orange) & Count of Egmont organized the Dutch | | |nobility in opposition, which had Granvelle removed from office | | | | | |The Compromise- | | |Margaret (Regent of Spain) spurned the protesters. Leads them to call for aid and | | |rebel against Spain; however the nobility does not support the rebellion. | | |Duke of Alba-sent to the Netherlands to gain control back. | | |He had several thousand suspected heretics publicly executed. | | |He then taxed the people of Netherlands to pay for the suppressing of the revolt. | | | | |Pacification of Ghent- | | |November 4 1576: Spanish mercen aries ran amok in Antwerp killing 7000 people in | | |the streets known as the Spanish fury. | | | | | |Pacification of Ghent (November 8, 1575)- Catholic regions and Protestant regions | | |in the Netherlands unified to oppose Spain. | | | | | |Perpetual Edict- provided for removal of all Spanish troops from the Netherlands | | |within 20 days. | | | | | | | |Netherlands Independence- | | |King of Spain Phillip II declared William of Orange an outlaw. | | |December 1580 William of Orange publicly denounced Phillip as a Heathen and tyrant| | |and should not be obeyed. | | |Known as The Apology. | | |Peace of Westphalia in 1648 – Netherlands is fully recognized | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |England and Spain 1553-1603 | | |[pic] | | | | | |Jane Grey (granddaughter to Henry), 3rd Queen | | | | | | | | | | | |Mary I – reign lasted 5 years | | |Edward VI died. | | |Lady Jane Grey tried to ascend to throne. | | |Mary Tudor was the rightful heir. Grey-9 days Queen then beheaded. | | |Mary marries Prince Philip II of Spain. Mary | | |Had Parliament repeal the Protestant laws.Mary | | |Decreed all of England Catholic, burned Protestant leaders at the stake. | | |Dies 1558 | | | | |The Compromise: A solemn pledge to resist the |Elizabeth I – takes throne 1558 | |decrees of Trent and the Inquisition. |Daughter of Henry and half sister to Mary. | | |Advisor William Cecil. | |Passed laws for religious toleration | | | | | |Act of Supremacy 1559- Repealing all anti-Protestant legislation of Mary Tudor. | | | | | |Phillip II seeks marriage with Elizabeth. | | |Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots seeks England throne. | | |Supporters claim Elizabeth is illegitimate. | | |Queen of Scots is the granddaughter to Henry the VIII’s sister Margaret. | |Raised French and Catholic. | | | | | |Deterioration of Relation with Spain | | |Spanish Duke of Alba (1547)- marched troops into the Netherlands; England sees | | |this as a threat du e its close proximity to England. | | |Elizabeth allows pirating of Spanish vessels. | | | | |Mary Queen of Scots | | |Elizabeth executes Mary Queen of Scotts (second cousin) for plotting against the | | |crown. | | |Mary’s husband is killed by her lover, who is acquitted, and then marries Mary. | | |This causes outrage from her people. | | |Mary surrenders her throne to her one year old son James VI, who later becomes | | |Elizabeth’s heir to throne. | |The pope authorize Spain to invade England for the killing of Mary who was their | | |hope to turn England Catholic | | | | | |The Armanda | | |May 30 1587 -130 ships with 25,000 sailors sent to invade England. | | |Spain wanted the ships to dock in France before continuing the invasion. | | |France prohibits the ships from leaving and a fog roles in around the channel. | | |England has advantage and wins. | | | | |Thirty Year War | | |Preconditions for War | | |Germany = Holly Rome | | |Germany consists of 360 a utonomous entities. | | |Each had its own tolls, taxes, coins and religion, making it difficult to travel | | |and do business | | | | |Four Periods of War- | | |Bohemian (1618-1625) Swedish (1630-1635) | | |Danish (1625-1629) Swedish-French (1635-1648) | | | | | |Bohemian Period- | | |Ferdinand ascends to the throne and wants to return the region to Catholicism. | | |He revokes the religious freedoms of the Bohemian Protestants. | | | | | |Defenestration of Prague- Protestant nobility in Prague throw Ferdinand III’s | | |regents out of window in reaction to the revoke of religious freedoms. They did | | |not die, landed on manure which cushioned their fall. | | | | |Ferdinand was managed to subdue the Protestants and re-Catholicize Bohemian | | | | | |Danish Period- (1625-1629) | | |Lutheran King Christian IV of Demark picks up Protestant banner-invades Germany | | |and loses. | | |Ferdinand attacks Demark and breaks Protestant resistance. | | |Causes fear among all Protestants. | | | | | |Edict of Restitution in 1629- Calvinism is illegal and orders the return of all | | |church lands acquired by the Lutherans. | | | | | | | |The Swedish Periods (1630-1635) | | |Gustavus Adolphus king of Sweden | | |Was a unified Lutheran nation, bankrolled by France, an wished to keep the | | |Habsburg armies tied down in Germany. | | |Adolphus won several battles due to a lighter army and better weapons. | | |Adolphus is killed on the battlefield. | | | | |Peace of Prague in 1635- majority of the Protestants states reached a compromise | | |with Ferdinand, barring the Swedes | | | | | |Peace of Prague plunged them into the fourth war. | | | | | |The Swedish-French Period (1635-1648) | | |The French join the war in 1635. | | |Dragged on for 13 years with Spanish, French and Swedish soldiers looting Germany. | | | | |About 1/3 of the German population died as a direct result of the war. | | | | | |Treaty of Westphalia- | | | | | |The Treaty of Westph alia 1648 -brought all hostilities within the Holy Roman | | |Empire to an end.Ended Edict of Restitution and reasserted the Peace of Augsburg,| | |which allows each ruler to determine its religion. | | | | | |German princes become supreme over their principalities. | Summary: From Martin Luther’s death in 1546 until the middle of the seventeenth century, European life was dominated by religiously and politically inspired violence. France descended into nearly 50 years of civil war before emerging with a united monarchy under the terms of the Edict of Nantes in 1598. Spain escaped civil strife and remained firmly Catholic.Spain’s American empire provided immense wealth, but Spain failed to subdue Protestant nationalism in the Netherlands and suffered defeat of its Armada naval fleet at the hands of the English. As a result, Spain’s position in international affairs declined. Unlike the French, the English managed to avoid civil war under the inspired leadership of Queen Elizabeth I. In Germany, the original center of the Reformation, Lutherans and Catholics had come to tolerate each other. But in the early seventeenth century the temporary compromises collapsed. The resulting free-for-all, known as the Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648), consumed much of Europe’s energies until it was resolved in the Peace of Westphalia. ———————– Elizabeth I 4th, Queen Mary I 2nd, Queen Edward VI 1st, King Henry VIII King

The Basic Training Of Pavlo Hummel - 1615 Words

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The Importance of Friendship in in Elizabeth Wein’s book,...

â€Å"‘KISS ME, HARDY! Kiss me, QUICK!’ Turned her face away from me to make it easier. And I shot her† (Wein 285), desperately yelled Jullie in Elizabeth Wein’s book, Code Name Verity. Throughout this tale of two female companions in World War II, the theme of friendship was portrayed through the bond between Maddie and Julie, the alliances with those around them, and the events that tie these two together. Firstly, the theme of friendship in the novel was shown through unbreakable bond of the protagonists. They had connected instantly upon working together at Maidsend Airfield in England. Together, the team used Maddie’s directional skills and Julie’s ability to speak multiple languages to navigate a lost airplane (Wein 43). This had been†¦show more content†¦Some of which were created from the beginning. For example, Dympna Wythenshawe was a female pilot that crashed in Stockport, Maddie’s home town, and received help from Maddie (Wein 13). To her express gratitude, she managed to enroll Maddie in flight training and get her involved with Maidsend. With help from Dympna, Maddie was able to begin her career as a pilot. Another official had pulled strings so that she could be where she was as a ATA pilot, as a woman being paid to do a man’s job. Although his name was not mentioned, Maddie referred to him as John Balliol. John was there for Maddie and Julie both. He protected them from punishment, recommended them for higher positions, and even accepted Jamie after Maddie had recruited him. Jamie was Julie’s brother and Maddie’s close friend and fellow pilot. He was there to lend a hand to the two girls whenever he could. While doing so, he welcomed Maddie into the Beaufort-Stuart home at Craig Castle. Throughout the plot, he was there for Maddie when Julie was not. â€Å"‘Now stop. You go back to Ormaie and look after Verity.’ I know he is deas sick with worry abour h er too and was being brave to make me brave, so I nodded. He wiped my cheeks with his thumbs† (Wein 244). Jamie comforted and supported Maddie while Julie was in the hands of Hamptsturmfuhrer von Linen. In addition to the friends at Maidsend, Anna Engel was yet another one of Maddie’s and Julie’s companions. Anna was

Totalitarianism’s Role in the Handmaid’s Tale - 1505 Words

Set in the near future, Gilead is a failed attempt at creating a utopia. After the present day United States of America fell, Gilead arose from the ashes. Centered around the idea of repopulating the human population that was decimated by pollution and nuclear waste, the society seemed like a beacon of hope in a desolate world. People accepted the new society without much resistance only to later realize that they had been duped. The founders of Gilead took conservative ideas and implemented them to the extreme. Women’s rights are taken away. Reading is forbidden. Handmaids are introduced to bear children. The government takes over and a dystopia is born. They control almost every aspect of the people’s lives, down to the food that they†¦show more content†¦They lived to have meaningless sex so eventually they got bored. Well the men did, not the women. They could not afford to get bored because even though they were valued, they had no rights. They had no say in whether or not they even wanted to have kids. â€Å"the right to motherhood is a matter of women’s right to choose whether or not they wish to become mothers in the face of a civil recognition that women’s bodies make them potentially mothers† (Martin 32). The men that controlled society ignored the fact that a woman’s body is her own and she may do as she pleases with it. This ignorance spread to the women too, as seen by Offred who embraced the child bearing ideology. This ignorance by both genders shows how isolated they were. With no other opposing ideas and the opponents or rule breakers being sent to the colonies, Gilead thrived with a single minded idealogy that all the ignorant people followed to some extent. Even though the totalitarian government of Gilead tried to control the people, they still rebelled in their own small ways. Many of Atwood’s characters rebelled but not against the government. Instead they broke the rules for their own desires. Serena Joy occasionally smoked a cigarette that was bought off the black market. Sometimes there is even music in the house that is, â€Å"the thin sound of Serena’s voice† (Atwood 55). Serena misses her former life even though she claims to support the ideologies of Gilead. But she is not the

Jamcracker Questions free essay sample

The factors that drive the ASPs emergence are )Increasing cost of specialized software that have far exceeded the price range of small-medium businesses. 2)Usual urgency of a company to set up a IT capability internally – which is similar to the infrastructure already used/developed by many companies 3)Less investment for the base functionalities (which are provided by ASP) of an IT firm 4)Companies’ urge to support their services 24*7 unlike the traditional business operations 5)Optimizing the number of IT staff inside the organization so that some of the required functionalities could be cosourced or outsourced to an ASP 6)Companies’ move towards mobile workforce Q2) How does Jamcracker fit in the ASP space? Explain the Jamcracker business model. Jamcracker’s business model was based on the ASP concept. But it wasn’t exactly the ASP. Rather, Jamcracker cooperated with ASP partners to combine application services through its enterprise IT management platform – â€Å"Jamcracker Enterprise†- into comprehensive offerings, including technical support and billing. We will write a custom essay sample on Jamcracker Questions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, an ASP that provided an email application and another that provided desktop productivity application could, via Jamcracker technology, appear to the customer as an integrated service package. Customers could pick and choose from an â€Å"a la carte† menu of the applications in the virtual â€Å"ASP cafeteria†. Jam cracker would then provide those application services in a â€Å"IT department in a box†. This implies that the customer would maintain a single contractual relationship with the Jamcracker rather than numerous relationships with specialized ASPs. Users would login to the Jamcracker platform once rather than separately onto each of the ASP platform. Jamcracker’s Business Model The above explained â€Å"ASP Aggregation† methodology accomplished by Jamcracker solved problems inherent in the traditional ASP approach such as high customer acquisition cost, conflict between breadth of ASP offerings and scale economies and Data sharing. Revenues -The monthly fees that the customers paid for using Jamcracker’s Enterprise -A modest setup fee -Per-user-per-month fee for access to Jamcracker service infrastructure Reason: Network Effect Customers get the suppliers and the suppliers in turn get the customers – which could get a better deal for the customers from the suppliers and a lower cost of distribution for the suppliers and end as a virtuous cycle for all the involved parties. Mainly Targeted Areas before targeting the huge clients such as â€Å"fortune 500† -The midsized â€Å"unfortunate 5000† companies since they cant afford huge IT investments and hence would go f$or ASPs -simple applications such as email, expense reporting etc web-native applications Q3) Identify critical challenges that Jamcracker must address to create a credible and sustainable business model. The following challenges must be addressed by Jamcracker to sustain in their business model. -Reselling and branding issues should be considered in a case-by-case manner and not as a whole -Educating its customers in the details of the new ASP ntegrator approach to reduce their IT investments -Making the existing ASP integra tor infrastructure more robust as the business grew rapidly -Need for professional services that would help and support its customers to convert their legacy data to ASP based system which would easily confide their trust in ASPs and in Jamcracker through which the customers would avail the ASP integrator services from Jamcracker over the long run. -Addressing the customer’s concerns over the ASP model’s service levels, data security and privacy so that the customers would feel secured with the ASP technology.

The Best Global Awards for Call Center Services

Top Ranking Performers in the Contact Center World is considered to be the best global awards for call center services. One of the missions of this company is to make the call centers feel their importance and significance in the world. The selection of the Top Ranking Performers in the Contact Center World allows the companies to reconsider their vision and mission, to change the organizational aspects and refer to other particular moments.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Best Global Awards for Call Center Services specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Top Ranking Performers in the Contact Center World offers 34 opportunities for a call center to win. The award offers the following categories and subcategories: contact center individual awards (Best Contact Center Executive / Director, Best Contact Center Operational Manager Best Contact Center Sales Professional, Best Contact Center Supervisor, Best Con tact Center Support Professional – HR, Best Contact Center Support Professional – IT, Best Contact Center Support Professional – Workforce Planning, Best Contact Center Trainer, Best Customer Service Professional and Quality Auditor), contact center company awards (Best Community Spirit, Best Contact Center, Best Contact Center Design Award, Best Customer Loyalty Program, Best Direct Response Campaign, Best Help Desk, Best Home / Remote Agent Program, Best In Customer Service, Best Incentive Scheme, Best Outbound Campaign, Best Outsourcing Partnership, Best Recruitment Campaign, Best Sales Campaign – Inbound or Outbound, Best Technology Innovation – Internal Solution, Best use of Self-service Technology, Best use of Social Media in the Contact Center, and Green Contact Center), and vendor awards and certification (Best Hosted Solution, Best Self service Solution, Best Workforce Management solution, Best Help Desk Solution, Best Training Company, Be st Consultancy, Best Phone system, Best Multi-channel contact center solution, Best Quality Monitoring / Recording Solution, Best VoIP Solution, Best Performance Management Solution, Best Recruitment Solution, and Best Tech Innovation Vendor Solution). All these awards are created for making sure that the best call centers are identified and the awards are provided at any possible category (Top Ranking Performers in the Contact Center World 2012). The awards presented by Top Ranking Performers in the Contact Center World are well known all over the world and it is considered be prestigious to have such an award is a good sign. The Best Global Awards for Airlines Call Center Airlines call centers are located all over the world. In most cases the quality of the call centers is considered by the regions, Asian (Middle East), American, European and African. However, the World Airline Awards has the specific awards for the airlines call center. The World Airline Awards provide the prizes for many categories in the sphere of airlines, however, the telephone services offered to the customers by the airline companies are selected as an individual section. Africa, Asia, Australia / Pacific, China, Central Asia / India, Europe, Middle East, North America, C America / Caribbean and South America are the regions considered by the award. The World Airline Awards pay attention to the quality of the services, the timeline of the offered service, the time spend on the problem solving, the politeness and qualification of the call center employees, etc. (World Airline Awards 2012). Even though that in most cases the regional awards remain dominating, the international airlines call center awards are also important as they help compare and contrast the services offered by the companies. The Best Airlines Call Center in the World Why Even though the definition of the best company is an individual one and each customer understands the company services according to his/her needs, there are still some particular criteria according to which it is possible to identify the best airlines call center in the world. Before considering the best and the worst airlines call center, it is important to measure features according to which they are going to be assessed.Advertising Looking for research paper on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Here is a list of the qualities all the airlines call center should be asses: politeness of the staff (the possibility to identify the company clearly, speaking open and clear, the correctness of the used language, the appropriateness of the applied tone and the desire to be helpful which may be heard via the voice), the professionalism (the opportunity of a person to find the way out of a problem as fast as possible) and the ability to sustain stressful situations and remain calm. These are the most general features each employee in the airlines call cent er should possess. Having conducted an analysis, the following results were achieved. Aeroplan, American, Continental, and United are the best airlines call centers which were identified among those which were considered. The criteria used for selection were different and the personal perception of the situation was not the last measure, however, the professionally trained staff was the object of the research and their reaction and ability to find the problem solution as fast as possible was also appreciated. Aeroplan is an Air Canada’s company and the employees in this airline call center are the best due to their awareness of all the possible problems people may have, the reaction time and the politeness these people show. It is obvious that he employees in this airline call center are professionals which have good training and constantly improve their qualification. The appreciation in favor of the American is in the simplification of the procedure. While in other centers you are to answer a lot of questions before you are served, American is the airline call center which tries to reduce the time of the person who turns in with the request. Continental is the company one can easily deal with. If some people may consider the employees of this call center too chatty, they should try to remember the time when had problems with the call center employees and when they turned there and the problem was not solved. Unites has also managed to gather the professionals who are able to request on any problems within the shortest period of time (One Mile at a Time – Comparing airline call centers 2011). How Can Any Call Center Reduce Its Costs? There are a lot of particular issues which can be done in order to reduce the costs of the call centers. Firs of all, the cloud-based approach should work independently from the cal center (How Waiting on Hold is a Lose-Lose Proposition for You and Your Customers 2012). Second, staff should be properly trained and t his fact is really important.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Best Global Awards for Call Center Services specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company should organize eLearning when time of the next training comes and this will essentially reduce the costs of the call center. Al the attempts to optimize staffing should also be considered as an effective measure of reducing the call center costs (Top Ten Ways to Reduce Contact Center Costs n.d.). Dealing with call centers, it is important to understand the mission of such companies correctly. The reduction of the time spent on a call is not going to be effective. The time spent on problem solving should be reduced. Moreover, the time spend of customers’ waiting should be reduced as well (Bolte Fleischman 2007). People may use the computer services in spite of the human resources as this is really effective. It is just important to analyze the work of the call center and to understand which problems are the most important for people and which issues they usually turn with. Traditional telephone services should be substituted by the single, merged networks (Bell 2012). Wisner (2011) is sure that â€Å"well-designed website self-service capabilities can further reduce the need for call center staffers, while adequately handling most customer queries† (p. 360). The design and availability of a website should also be measured appropriately. The software should correspond to the latest changes as science and innovative technologies do not stand at one and the same place. These disciplines develop and there is always something one is able to consider for him/herself. The use of updated software helps to analyze the data and gather it (Barry 2012). An interview of the customers about their personal opinion about the company is important as the more customers the call canter serves the more money they get. Customer satisf action should be one of the priorities of the company. When time and equipment are considered and the appropriate measures for reducing costs there are taken it is important to consider the labor. It is possible to reduce the costs by means of reducing the labor expenses. In other words, the outsourcing should be used. When the call center is located in India or another country where the salary is lower and the level of language knowledge is on a high level, the company may locate the call center there. The laws are not that strict in India that allows the company to save as well (O’Sullivan 2008). Staffing ratio should be reconsidered in accordance with the season tense. During the low seasons the use of the part time working time or flexible schedules should be used instead of full time employment.Advertising Looking for research paper on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Working discipline is important. Dealing with the employees who constantly late means to work with people who are unable to organize their time. How one will be able to organize the time of the company and the customers if they unable to deal with heir own. Such employees increase the costs (Barry 2012). Audit is one of the most important assessment measures in any company which deals with financial benefit. Post season audit is the best method to consider what went best of all and which aspects created the problems. Only a correct measurement may help identify the unsupported expenses and reconsider those. Independent internal benchmarking is another measure which is to be taken. Training seems rather expensive procedure, however, those who train personal employees have managed to notice the increase in costs as qualified professionals work faster and with higher proficiency. Therefore, they manage not only save money which were spend on their training, but also increase the revenu e of the call center by means of serving more customers (Barry 2012). Reference List Barry, FC 2012, ‘Contact Call Centers – Reduce Call Center Costs Develop a Call Center Strategy’, F. Curtis Barry Company, Bell, E 2012, ‘VoIP reduces call center cost, improves productivity’, Enterprise Innovation, 30 July, Bolte, T, Fleischman, R 2007, ‘Still Struggling to Reduce Call Center Costs Without Losing Customers?’, SAP Insider, ‘How Waiting on Hold is a Lose-Lose Proposition for You and Your Customers’ 2012, Fonolo, ‘One Mile at a Time – Comparing airline call centers’ 2011, USA Today Travel, 30 June, O’Sullivan, K 2008, Strategic Knowledge Management in Multinational Organizations, Idea Group Inc (IGI), New York. Top Ranking Performers in the Contact Center World 2012, ‘Top Ten Ways to Reduce Contact Center Costs While Improving Service’ n.d., Technology Marketing Corporation, Wisner, JD 2011, Principles of Supply Chain Management: A Balanced Approach, Cengage Learning, Stamford.  World Airline Awards 2012, viewed This research paper on The Best Global Awards for Call Center Services was written and submitted by user Jordan L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.